Commuters face turmoil on the Tube after unions announced a fresh wave of strikes by London Underground workers.
Drivers and staff will stage walkouts over a series of disputes, triggering disruption for millions of passengers.
The RMT and the Aslef trade unions have both announced dates for industrial action.
Read on for details about the strike action:
Strikes by the RMT and Aslef unions will run on various dates from Nov 1 until Nov 12.
Nov 1-2
RMT engineering vehicles operations and maintenance staff will strike from 6pm on Nov 1 until 5.59pm on Nov 2.
Aslef engineering drivers will also not book on for 24 hours from 6pm on Nov 1.
Nov 3-4
RMT track access controllers, control centre, and power/control staff will strike from 6.59pm on Nov 3 to 6.59pm on Nov 4.
The RMT’s emergency response unit (ERU) staff will also strike all day on Nov 4.
Nov 5
The disruption will begin to ramp up as RMT drivers walkout.
RMT fleet, engineering, stations, and trains staff (except ERU and engineering vehicles operations and maintenance) will strike all day.
Nov 6-8
This is one of the most disrupted periods.
The worst days will be Thursday Nov 7, when Aslef train drivers and management grades will go on strike.
RMT signallers and service controllers will walk out from Nov 6 to Nov 8.
Nov 12
Another day when the impact of the strikes is expected to be severe. Aslef said train drivers and management grades will strike on Nov 12.
Transport for London said it is too soon to know exactly which lines will be impacted by the various strikes.
However, a spokesman warned that it is very unlikely there will be many services running at all on the days when drivers are on strike – namely Nov 5, 7 and 12.
TfL expects that it will still be able to operate the network on days when station staff are on strike, although some stations may be closed on those days.
It expects to have a clearer picture of how services will be affected a week or so before the strike action takes place.
Aslef, the smaller of two unions representing Tube drivers, rejected an inflation-topping 3.8pc pay increase offer from Transport for London (TfL).
Finn Brennan, Aslef’s full-time organiser on London Underground, said: “We don’t want to go on strike – we don’t want to make travelling in and around the capital more difficult for passengers and we don’t want to lose a day’s pay – but we have been forced into this position because LU management won’t sit down properly and negotiate with us.
“Our members voted by over 98pc in favour of strike action, but Underground management are still refusing to even discuss key elements of our claim.
“They refuse to discuss any reduction in the working week or introducing paid meal relief to bring Underground drivers in line with those on the Elizabeth line and London Overground.”