Nearly 70% of deaths in the Gaza war, which have been verified by the United Nations, were women and children, its Human Rights Office has said.
The UN has analysed killings in the first 11 months of the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Palestinian territory and managed to verify 8,119 victims, including 2,036 women and 3,588 children.
The 8,119 figure is considerably lower than the 43,000 deaths reported over the course of the 13-month-long war by the Hamas-run health ministry, although the UN does see these numbers as reliable.
Out of the verified deaths between 7 October 2023 and 2 September 2024, children represented almost half of the victims (44%) while women accounted for 26%.
The highest number of deaths was among children aged between five and nine years old, closely followed by those aged 10-14, and then babies aged up to and including four years old.
The youngest victim whose death was verified by the UN was a one-day-old boy, while the oldest was a 97-year-old woman.
In 88% of cases, five or more people were killed in the same attack – suggesting weapons were used across a wide area.
However the report added some of the killings may have been the result of errant projectiles from Palestinian armed groups.
The UN’s report rings true with Palestinian claims that women and children represent a large proportion of those killed in the war, and it accuses Israel of “an apparent indifference to the death of civilians and the impact of the means and methods of warfare”.
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UN human rights chief Volker Turk said in a statement: “This unprecedented level of killing and injury of civilians is a direct consequence of the failure to comply with fundamental principles of international humanitarian law.”
The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) said in response that it “works to minimise harm to non-combatants prior to attacks, especially women and children”.
“Every military action is carried out in accordance with the principles of distinction and proportionality, and is preceded by a careful assessment of the potential for civilian harm. The IDF is committed to adhering to international legal obligations and operating under the laws of armed conflict,” it said.
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The Israeli military has previously said roughly one civilian has been killed for every fighter and blames this on Hamas, saying the Palestinian militant group uses civilians as human shields.
The UN report, which broadly covers the period between 1 November 2023 and 30 April 2024, said that “in most instances, the IDF did not offer substantial evidence to support their allegations [of the use of human shields], and OHCHR has not been able separately to verify them”.