Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
- Umwanditsi, David Gritten
- Igikorwa, BBC News
Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah, yari arongoye umugwi witwara gisirikare w’aba Islam b’aba Shia, Hezbollah, n’umwe mu bantu bazwi cane mu bamenyekana cane mu karere ko mu buseruko bwo hagati.
Nasrallah yari amaze igihe kirekire ataja ahagaragara kubera gutinya kwicwa na Israel.
Kuri uyu wa gatandatu ni ho igisirikare ca Israel cavuga ko cishe Nasrallah mu gitero yagize i Beirut.
Umuntu atari akunze kugaragara yari afitaniye ubucuti bukomeye na Iran, yagize uruhara runini mu guhindura Hezbollah umuhari ukomeye wa politike na gisirikare nk’uko umeze ubu – kandi akaba aguma ashimagizwa n’abayoboke b’uwo mugwi.
Ku butegetsi bwa Nasrallah, Hezbollah yarafashije mu guha inyigisho za giisirikare abagwanyi b’umugwi Hamas wo muri Palestine, co kimwe n’abagwanyi bo muri Irak na Yemen, uranaronswa na misire na rokete zivuye muri Iran ngo uzikoreshe mu gutera Israel.
Yarafashije guteza imbere Hezbollah kuva ku mugwi witwaje ibigwanisho washinzwe kugira ugwanye ingabo za Israel zari zigaruriye Libani gushika uhinduke umugwi wa gisirikare ukomeye gusumba igisirikare ca Libani, ufise uruhara rukomeye muri politike ya Libani, umugwi ufise uruhara rukomeye mu bisata vy’amagara y’abantu, uburezi n’imibano, hamwe n’uruhara runini rwa Iran iwufashe mu mugongo mu kugira igihagararo mu karere.
Uwo mugabo yavutse mu 1960, Hassan Nasrallah yakuriye i Bourj Hammoud mu buseruko bwa Beirut, aho se wiwe Abdul Karim yari umudandaza muto w’imboga. Yari imfura mu bana icenda.
Yinjiye mu muhari wa Amal, wari umuhari wa gisirikare w’aba Shia ico gihe, inyuma y’aho Libani yinjiriye mu ntambara mu 1975. Inyuma y’umwanya muto mu gisagara ceranda ca Najaf muri Irak, aho yari yagiye gukurikirana inyigisho z’aba Shia, yaciye yinjira mu mugwi Amal muri Libani imbere y’uko we hamwe n’abandi biyonkora kuri uwo mugwi mu 1982, inyuma gato y’aho Israel ivogerereye Libani mu kwishura ku bitero vy’abanye Palestine bitwaje ibigwanisho.
Uwo mugwi mushasha, Islamic Amal, wararonse imfashanyo nyinshi za gisirikare n’izo kwiyubaka zivuye ku gisirikare [Revolutionary Guards ] ca Iran cari mu kiyaya ca Beeka, uhinduka umugwi wa mbere wa gisirikare ukomeye w’aba Shia mu nyuma wavuyemwo Hezbollah.
Mu 1985, Hezbollah wamenyesheje ku mugaragaro ivuka ryawo mu gushira ahabona “ikete ryuguruye” ridoma urutoke kuri Reta zunze Ubumwe za Amarika hamwe n’izo aba Sovete nk’abansi ba mbere ba Islam, inahamagarira “gufuta” igihugu ca Israel, yavuga ko kiri ku butaka bw’aba Islam.
Nasrallah yagiye araduga amapeta uko Hezbollah yagiye irakura. Avuga ko inyuma yo kuba umugwanyi asanzwe, yabaye umuyobozi wayo i Baalbek, hanyuma mu karere kose ka Bekaa, hanyuma i Beirut.
Yabaye umukuru wa Hezbollah mu 1992 afise imyaka 32, inyuma y’aho uwo yari asubiriye Abbas al-Musawi yiciwe mu gitero ca kajugujugu ca Israel.
Kimwe mu bikorwa vyiwe vya mbere cabaye ico guhora urupfu rwa Musawi. Yategetse ibitero vya rokete mu buraruko bwa Israel vyahitanye vyahitanye umwana w’umukobwa, umunya Israel yacungera umutekano ku nzu nserukiragihugu ya Israel muri Turkia na we yarahitanywe n’ikibombe giteze mu modoka, hanyuma igitero ca bombe c’ubwiyahuzi caratewe ku nzu nserukiragihugu i Buenos Aires muri Argentine gihitana abantu 29.
Nasrallah kandi yarashoboye kugwana intambara idakaze cane n’igisirikare ca Israel yaheze ariko uko bavuye mu bumanuko bwa Libani mu mwaka 2000, n’aho yahahombeye ku giti ciwe aho umuhungu wiwe w’imfura Hadi yasiga ubuzima mu ntambara yo kurasana n’igisirikare ca Israel.
Inyuma y’aho igisirikare ca Israel kiviriye muri Libani, Nasrallah yamenyesheje ko Hezbollah ironse intsinzi ya mbere y’abarabu kuri Israel. Yaciye kandi arahira ararengwa ko Hezbollah itagiye gushira ibigwanisho hasi, avuga ko ivyo abifata ko “ubutaka bwa Libani bwose butegerezwa kugaruzwa”, harimwo n’akarere k’uburimyi ka Shebaa.
Harabaye agahengwe kabayabaye gushika mu 2006, aho abagwanyi ba Hezbollah bagize ibitero ku butaka bwa Osrael bica abasirikare umunani abandi babiri baranyuruzwa, bituma Israel yivuna bukomeye.
Indege z’intambara za Israel zateye amabombe ku birindiro vya Hezbollah mu bumanuko bwa Libani hamwe no mu bumanuko bwa Beirut, aho Hezbollah yarashe rokete zoba zishika 4.000 muri Israel. Abanye Libani barenga 1.125, benshi muri abasivire, barabuze ubuzima muri iyo misi 34 y’intambara, hamwe n’abasirikare ba Israel 119 n’abasivire 45.
Inzu ya Nasrallah hamwe n’ibiro vyaratewe n’indege z’intambara za Israel, ariko we nta co yabaye.
Mu 2009, Nasrallah yarasohoye inyandiko nshasha ngenderwako muri politike yerekana “politike’ ya Hezbollah. Yakuyemwo igice kivuga Republika ya k’Islam yari mu nyandiko yo mu 1985, ariko agumizamwo amajambo akarishe yo guhangana na Israel na Amerika, anasubira kwemeza ko Hezbollah ikeneye kugumya ibigwanisho n’aho ingingo ya Onu yabibabuza mu bumanuko bwa Libani.
Nasrallah yagize ati:”Abantu baratera imbere. Iso yose yarahindutse muri iyi myaka 24. Libani yarahindutse. Uko ibintu vyifashe kwisi kwarahindutse.”
Inyuma y’imyaka ine, Nasrallah yavuze ko Hezbollah yinjiye “mu yindi ntera shasha” yo kubaho kwayo mu kurungika abagwanyi muri Syria gufasha prezida Bashar al-Assad ashigikiwe na Iran, gutuza abamugumukanye. “N’intambara yacu, kandi turayishoboye,” ni ko yavuze.
Abakuru b’aba Sunni muri Libani yagirije Hezbollah gukwegera ico gihugu mu ntambara ya Syria, imishamirano na yo hagati y’utugwitugwi irongerekana cane.
Mu 2019, ingorane zikomeye z’ubutunzi zatumye haba imyiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza abanye politike babagiriza ibiturire, kwonona itunga ry’igihugu, gutwara nabi no gufata ibintu minenegwe. Mu ntango Nasrallah yarifatanije n’abashaka ko ibintu bihinduka, ariko inyifato yiwe yarahindutse igihe abari mu myiyerekano batangura gusaba isubirwamwo ry’uko politike yifashe muri ico gihugu.
Itariki 8 z’ukwezi kwa Gitugutu(10) 2023 – umusi umwe inyuma y’igitero simusiga abagwanyi ba Hamas yagize kuri Israel catumye hatangura intambara ya Gaza – intambara ya rimwe rimwe hagati ya Hezbollah na Israel yarongerekanye.
Hezbollah yararashe ku birindiro vya Israel mu kwifatanya n’abanye Palestine.
Mw’ijambo ryiwe mu kwezi kwa Munyonyo (11), Nasrallah yavuze ko igitero ca Hamas cari ” ico abanye Palestine 100% mu kuciyumvira no mu kugishira mu bikorwa” ko ariko kurasana hagati y’umuhari wiwe na Israel “bikenewe kandi ari ngirakamaro”.
Uwo mugwi wateye rokete 8.000 mu buraruko bwa Israel no mu karere ico gihugu cigaruriye ko mu misozi ya Golan. Warateye kandi misire zisambura ibimodoka vy’intambara, uragira n’ibitero ku bibanza vya gisirikare ukoresheje drone.
Igisirikare ca Israel (IDF) carishuye gikoresheje ibitero vy’indege n’ibimodoka vy’intambara hamwe na vya muzinga ku birindiro vya Hezbollah muri Libani.
Mw’ijambo ryiwe aherutse gushikiriza, Nasrallah yagirije Israel guturitsa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi vy’utwuma two gutumatumanako [pagers] twakoreshwa n’abanywanyi ba Hezbollah, vyahitanye abantu 39, binakomeretsa abantu ibihumbi n’ibihumbi, aca avuga ko Israel “yarenze imirongo yose itukura”.Yaremeye ko uwo muhari “vyawushegeshe”.
Inyuma y’aho, Israel yarongereje ibitero kuri Hezbollah, ibira ibitero vy’urutavanako vya bombe vyahitanye abantu boba bashika 800.